Guides
Plain-English answers to common retirement questions about Medicare premiums, health insurance before 65, and taxes.
Medicare and IRMAA
What is IRMAA?Why Medicare premiums depend on income
What income counts for IRMAA?Including whether Social Security counts
Why age 63 mattersThe two-year lookback, step by step
Filing separately and IRMAAUsually a costly choice
How to lower IRMAAPlan around the two-year lookback
Appeal an IRMAA surchargeForm SSA-44 step by step
When to sign up for MedicareEnrollment windows and the late penalty
Retiring before 65
Health insurance before 65Marketplace, COBRA, and other options
The ACA subsidy cliffWhat happens above 400% of poverty
What counts as ACA incomeIRA withdrawals, gains, Roth money